new: Added more features for comparsion; Terminology improved; Legend for scales added;

programming-language-recommendations.md

@@ -15,20 +15,37 @@ The following programming languages are included in the comparison:
 
 ### Comparsion of the most important points
 
-| Point | C# | Shell | Python | JS | Ruby | Go | PS | Java |
+Legend for simple scales used below
+
+- Extensions: Limited, Moderate, Extensive
+- Simplicity in YAML: Easy, Medium, Complex
+- Installation of Dependencies: Easy, Moderate, Complex
+- Execution Speed: High, Moderate, Low
+- Readability: Easy, Moderate, Hard
+
+| Feature | C# | Shell (Bash/Zsh) | Python | JavaScript / TypeScript | Ruby | Go | PowerShell | Java |
 | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
-| Data processing (JSON) | Built-in | Built-in | Built-in | Built-in | Built-in | Built-in | Built-in | Libraries |
-| Data presentation (PDF) | Libraries | Not natively | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries |
-| Other data processing | Libraries | Not natively | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries | Libraries |
-| Availability of Extensions | Many | Few | Many | Many | Many | Few | Many | Many |
-| Simplicity in YAML | Moderate | High | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | Moderate |
-| Must be Compiled | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes |
-| Cross-Platform | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
-| Simple Installation of Dependencies | Moderate | High | High | High | Moderate | High | High | Moderate |
+| 1. Data processing (PDF) | Extension needed (e. g., [iTextSharp](https://github.com/itext/itextsharp), [PDFSharp](https://github.com/empira/PDFsharp)) | External tool (e. g., [Ghostscript](https://www.ghostscript.com/)) | Extension needed (e. g., [PyPDF2](https://pypi.org/project/PyPDF2/), [ReportLab](https://pypi.org/project/reportlab/)) | Extension needed (e. g., [pdf-lib](https://github.com/Hopding/pdf-lib), [PDFKit](https://github.com/foliojs/pdfkit)) | Extension needed (e. g., [Prawn](https://github.com/prawnpdf/prawn)) | Extension needed (e. g., [go-pdf](https://github.com/signintech/gopdf)) | Extension needed (e. g., same .NET PDF libs invoked from PowerShell) | Extension needed (e. g., [iText7](https://github.com/itext/itext7), [Apache PDFBox](https://pdfbox.apache.org/)) |
+| 2. Data processing (AsciiDoc) | Extension needed (e. g., Asciidoctor .NET wrappers) | External tool (e. g., [Asciidoctor](https://asciidoctor.org/)) | Extension needed (e. g., [asciidoc-py3](https://github.com/asciidoc/asciidoc-py3)) | Extension needed (e. g., [@asciidoctor/core](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@asciidoctor/core)) | Extension needed (e. g., [Asciidoctor](https://asciidoctor.org/)) | Extension needed (e. g., use CLI or wrappers for [Asciidoctor](https://asciidoctor.org/)) | External tool ([Asciidoctor](https://asciidoctor.org/)) or .NET-based wrappers | Extension needed (e. g., [AsciidoctorJ](https://github.com/asciidoctor/asciidoctorj)) |
+| 3. Data processing (JSON) | Built-in ([System.Text.Json](https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/api/system.text.json)) | External tool (e. g., [jq](https://jqlang.github.io/jq/)) | Built-in ([json](https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html)) | Built-in (`JSON.parse`, `JSON.stringify`; in Node, no extra install needed) | Built-in ([json](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en//master/JSON.html)) | Built-in (encoding/json) | Built-in (`ConvertFrom-Json`, `ConvertTo-Json` in modern PowerShell) | Extension/library commonly used (e. g., [Jackson](https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson), `org.json`) |
+| 4. Data processing (YAML) | Extension needed (e. g., [YamlDotNet](https://github.com/aaubry/YamlDotNet)) | External tool (e. g., [yq](https://github.com/mikefarah/yq)) | Extension needed (e. g., [PyYAML](https://pypi.org/project/PyYAML/)) | Extension needed (e. g., [js-yaml](https://www.npmjs.com/package/js-yaml)) | Built-in ([Psych](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en//master/Psych.html)) | Extension needed (e. g., gopkg.in/yaml.v3) | Built-in in newer PowerShell versions (`ConvertFrom-Yaml`, `ConvertTo-Yaml`) | Extension needed (e. g., SnakeYAML) |
+| 5. Data processing (XML) | Built-in ([System.Xml](https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/api/system.xml)) | External tool (e. g., xmlstarlet) | Built-in ([xml](https://docs.python.org/3/library/xml.html)) | Mostly extension (e. g., [xml2js](https://www.npmjs.com/package/xml2js), [fast-xml-parser](https://www.npmjs.com/package/fast-xml-parser)) | Built-in (REXML, Nokogiri) | Built-in (encoding/xml) | Built-in (native `[xml]` type accelerator) | Built-in (javax.xml, org.w3c.dom, plus standard libraries) |
+| 6. Extensions (libraries / packages) | Extensive (NuGet) | Extensive (rich set of CLI tools, though not “extensions” in the same sense) | Extensive (PyPI) | Extensive (npm is one of the largest ecosystems) | Extensive (RubyGems) | Extensive (Go Modules) | Moderate (PowerShell Gallery) | Extensive (Maven Central, Gradle plugins) |
+| 7. Simplicity in YAML usage | Medium (third-party library but straightforward) | Complex (usually rely on yq or custom scripts) | Easy (with PyYAML) | Medium (need js-yaml, usage is direct in Node/TS) | Easy (built-in Psych) | Medium (import 3rd-party package, usage is simple) | Easy (native cmdlets in newer versions) | Medium (SnakeYAML is straightforward, but an extra lib) |
+| 8. Must be compiled? | Yes (C# -> .NET IL) | No (interpreted scripts) | No (interpreted) | JS: No (interpreted), TS: Yes (transpiles to JS) | No (interpreted) | Yes (compiled to native binaries) | No (interpreted on .NET runtime) | Yes (compiled to JVM bytecode) |
+| 9. Cross-Platform | Yes (with .NET Core/.NET 5+) | Yes (native to Unix-like, plus Windows via WSL or separate install) | Yes (Windows, macOS, Linux) | Yes (Node.js or browser; TS runs where JS runs) | Yes (Windows, macOS, Linux) | Yes (Windows, macOS, Linux, others) | Yes (PowerShell Core 6+ is cross-platform) | Yes (JVM on Windows, macOS, Linux, etc.) |
+| 10. Simple installation of dependencies | Moderate (NuGet + .NET CLI or Visual Studio) | Moderate (install packages/tools via apt, yum, brew, etc.) | Easy (pip, Conda, etc.) | Easy (npm, yarn, etc.) | Easy (RubyGems, Bundler) | Easy (Go modules, go get) | Moderate (PowerShell Gallery + extra config) | Moderate (Maven, Gradle; straightforward but verbose) |
+| 11. Licensing | Open-source .NET (MIT for .NET Core); older .NET frameworks under MS licenses | GPL (GNU Bash) | PSF License (Python Software Foundation) | JavaScript is an ECMA standard; TypeScript is Apache 2.0 by Microsoft | Dual License (Ruby License/BSD) | BSD-style (Go is open source under a permissive license) | MIT License (for PowerShell Core; Windows PS is proprietary) | GPL v2 + Classpath (OpenJDK); Oracle JDK has different commercial terms |
+| 12. Provider / Owner | Microsoft (language + runtime) | GNU Project (part of GNU utilities) | Python Software Foundation | ECMA standard for JS; Microsoft for TS | Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto / community | Google (initially) + open source community | Microsoft (PowerShell) | Oracle + open source community |
+| 13. Execution speed | High (JIT on .NET, typically quite fast) | Low (relies on external tools; not optimized for heavy computation) | Moderate (interpreted, can be fast but slower than C#/Go/Java) | Moderate (Node’s V8 engine is JIT-compiled; usually slower than fully compiled languages) | Moderate (CRuby slower; newer versions have partial JIT) | High (compiled to native) | Moderate (.NET-based, typically good performance but overhead in interactive scenarios) | High (JIT-compiled by the JVM; often on par with C#) |
+| 14. Code comprehension & readability | Moderate (C-style syntax, can be verbose) | Hard (complex quoting, expansions, and nuances in Bash) | Easy (clean, minimal boilerplate) | Moderate (JS can be flexible/loose; TS adds structure but extra overhead) | Easy (expressive, some “magic” features) | Easy (simple, explicit, fewer features) | Moderate (familiar C#-like syntax + cmdlet conventions) | Moderate (verbose, strongly typed, boilerplate-heavy) |
+| 15. Certification available (employee) | Yes (Microsoft .NET/C# certs) | Indirect (part of broader Linux certifications like LPIC, RHCSA) | Yes (e. g., PCAP) | No official (some vendor-specific or full-stack certs may include JS/TS) | No official (third-party training only) | No official (no widely recognized Go cert; some third-party) | Yes (covered in broader MS certs, though not strictly “PowerShell-only”) | Yes (Oracle Certified Professional Java Programmer, etc.) |
+| 16. Debugging capabilities | Strong (Visual Studio, VS Code with C# extension) | Limited (VS Code has bash-debug, but fewer features) | Strong (VS Code, PyCharm, pdb, etc.) | Strong (VS Code debugger for JS/TS, Chrome DevTools, Node Debugger) | Moderate (VS Code Ruby extensions, RubyMine) | Strong (VS Code Go extension + Delve) | Strong (VS Code PowerShell extension with integrated debugger) | Strong (VS Code Java extension, IntelliJ, Eclipse) |
+| 17. Testing framework | Yes (NUnit, xUnit, MSTest) | Yes (e. g., shUnit2, Bats) | Yes (unittest, pytest, nose, etc.) | Yes (Jest, Mocha, Jasmine, etc. for JS; Mocha/Jest + ts-node for TS) | Yes (RSpec, Minitest) | Yes (testing in stdlib) | Yes (Pester for PowerShell) | Yes (JUnit, TestNG, etc.) |
 
 ### Recommended Language: [Python](https://www.python.org)
 
-Python wins in all categories. The most benefits compared to the other languages:
+Python has most features or the best value on scale. The most benefits compared to the other languages:
 
 - **Data Handling**: pull data, parse it, and then format it.
 - **Document Generation**: The libraries for data presentation are fast and simple.
@@ -44,10 +61,10 @@ Use a pipeline task to install Python (if not already on the agent) and the requ
 
 ```yaml
 - task: UsePythonVersion@0
-  inputs:
-    versionSpec: '3.x'
+ inputs:
+ versionSpec: '3.x'
 - script: |
-    pip install requests python-docx reportlab jinja2
+ pip install requests python-docx reportlab jinja2
 ```
 
 #### Fetch Work Items
@@ -64,8 +81,8 @@ api_version = "6.0"
 query_id = "YOUR_QUERY_ID"
 
 response = requests.get(
-    f"{devops_organization_url}/{project}/_apis/wit/wiql/{query_id}?api-version={api_version}",
-    auth=('PAT_USERNAME', 'PAT_TOKEN')  # or use other Auth methods
+ f"{devops_organization_url}/{project}/_apis/wit/wiql/{query_id}?api-version={api_version}",
+ auth=('PAT_USERNAME', 'PAT_TOKEN') # or use other Auth methods
 )
 work_items_data = response.json()
 ```
@@ -82,8 +99,8 @@ document = Document()
 document.add_heading('Compliance Report', level=1)
 
 for item in work_items_data["workItems"]:
-    document.add_heading(f'Work Item ID: {item["id"]}', level=2)
-    # Additional data insertion here...
+ document.add_heading(f'Work Item ID: {item["id"]}', level=2)
+ # Additional data insertion here...
 
 document.save('ComplianceReport.docx')
 ```